Thaats and there Notes

Now, there are various types of thaats contributing in the formation of further various ragas....
Thaat Bilawal
Ascending --> S , R , G , m , P , D , N , S'
Descending--> S' , N , D , P , m , G , R , S
All notes are shuddh and natural .

Thaat Kafi
Asc--> S , R , g , m , P , D , n , S'
Dsc--> S' , n , D , P , m , g , R , S
Ga and Ni are komal

Thaat Asavari
Asc--> S , R , g , m , P , d , n , S'
Dsc--> S' , n , d , P , m , g , R , S
Ga , Dha and Ni : komal

Thaat Khamaj
Asc--> S , R , g , m , P , D , n , S'
Dsc--> S' , n , D , P , m , g , R , S
Ni komal

Thaat Kalyan
Asc--> S , R , G , M , P , D , N , S'
Dsc--> S' , N , D , P , M , G , R , S
No komal , only tivra Ma

Thaat Bhairav/Behro
Asc--> S , r , G , m , P , d , N , S'
Dsc--> S' , N , d , P , m , G , r , S
Re and Dha komal

Thaat Bhairavi
Asc--> S , r , g , m , P , d , n , S'
Dsc--> S' , n , d , P , m , g , r , S
Re , Ga , Dha and Ni komal

Thaat Marwa
Asc--> S , r , G , M , P , D , N , S'
Dsc--> S' , N , D , P , M , G , r , S
Re komal , Ma tivra

Thaat Poorvi
Asc--> S , r , G , M , P , d , N , S'
Dsc--> S' , N , d , P , M , G , r , S
Re & Dha komal , Ma tivra

Thaat Todi
Asc--> S , r , g , M , P , d , N , S'
Dsc--> S' , N , d , P , M , g , r , S
Re , Ga & dha komal , Ma tivra

Beginnin with , Thaat or Desi Scales...

There are many more sargams to be practiced but we'll come back to it later.
In a scale , all 8 notes are always included and the eighth note is always added in the scale or sargam . This set of 8 notes in ascending and descending order is called thaat and thaat produces raagas. It can also be said as the system of classification of raagas in different groups(thaats).
Now, in a raaga , there might not be fixed number of notes in ascending and descending order so it's not easy to play or sing songs in first instance. There are certain rules for representation of thaat :-
1. Thaat must have seven notes.
2. Thaat has only one arohi and avrohi.
3. Thaat is not supposed to be sung and is for only playing music songs but the ragas originating from them is sung.
4. Thaat is named after the popular raga of that thaat. For eg ; bhairavi is a popular raga and the thaat of raga bhairavi is named after it .

Sargam

further comes , many basic forms of sargam that would be used during raagas and hence should be well practiced in advance.

1) Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Dha Ni Sa'
Sa' Ni Dha Pa Ma Ga Re Sa
2) SaReGa ReGaMa GaMaPa MaPaDha PaDhaNi DhaNiSa'
Sa'NiDha NiDhaPa DhaPaMa PaMaGa MaGaRe GaReSa
3) SaReSaRe Ga, ReGaReGa Ma, GaMaGaMa Pa, MaPaMaPa Dha, PaDhaPaDha Ni, DhaNiDhaNi Sa'
Sa'NiSa'Ni Dha, NiDhaNiDha Pa, DhaPaDhaPa Ma, PaMaPaMa Ga, MaGaMaGa Re, GaReGaRe Sa
" The different group of swar before the gap are supposed to be sung together while the one after the gap is supposed to be sung individually for equal time as tht taken by the previous four. "

Getting started....

As you know , the beginning or base of any music is the sargam or saptam sur , i.e namely..

Sa (Shadaj) -- Do
Re (Rishab) -- Re
Ga (Gandhar) -- Me
Ma (Madhyam) -- Fa
Pa (Pancham) -- So
Dha (Dhaivat) -- La
Ni (Nishad) -- Ti



So , after coming across the keys , the next comes the practicing part. The best way to open-up yor voice , the first and foremost and in fact the best way is practicing of -->
S & 'P
First try practicing these individually by pressing the keys individually and matching your voice to the same frequencies . Then , once you skill in them , try pressin both the keys ( S & 'P )
together and then sing the notes S and 'P alternatively .

This is the best excersise for your voice and would give your voice an extended range .
Try that with S & P too .